TDE521

School of Humanities \ Turkish Language and Literature

3

6

Compulsory

Turkish

-

Turkish Language and Literature Postgraduate Program

This course is designed to provide a broad range of equipment for theoretically based literary criticism. After a general overview of the history of Western literature, literary movements, major genres and some important literary terms, modern literary and critical theories will be discussed, including formalist, structuralist, Marxist, feminist, psychoanalytic and post-structuralist approaches. The texts to be read include the works of Aristotle, Barthes, Benjamin, Eagleton, Escarpit, Freud, Genette, Jameson, Lukacs, Ong and Todorov.

1. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar: XIX. Asır Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi, Edebiyat Üzerine Makaleler, Bütün Şiirleri (Dergâh), Yahya Kemal, Yaşadığım Gibi
2. Mehmet Kaplan: Şiir Tahlilleri I ve II, Tanpınar’ın Şiir Dünyası, Tevfik Fikret ve Şiiri, Denemeleri, Sevgi ve İlim, Edebiyatımızın İçinden, Edebiyatımızın Bahçesinden, Büyük Türkiye Rüyası, Nesillerin Ruhu
3. Ahmet Haşim: Bütün Şiirleri
4. Suut Kemal Yetkin: Estetik Doktrinler
5. Berna Moran: Edebiyat Kuramları ve Eleştiri
6. Fatma Erkman Akerson: Edebiyat Kuramları
7. Orhan Okay: Batılılaşma Devri Türk Edebiyatı, Bir Hülya Adamının Romanı
8. Ömer Faruk Huyugüzel: Eleştiri Terimleri Sözlüğü
9. Şerif Aktaş: Şiir Tahlili, Yenileşme Dönemi Türk Şiiri Antolojisi I ve II
10. Fethi Naci: Yüzyılın Türk Romanı

Discussing basic literary theories for the purpose of understanding literary texts correctly.

1. Learns literary theories at a theoretical level.
2. Analyzes the important texts of the field in depth through contemporary criticism and narrative theories.

Week 1: Theory, theory, the relationship between theory and science. Different approaches and schools in social sciences and fine arts.
Week 2: What is art, what is a work of art? Fine arts and their varieties. The effects of a work of art on us. Can this effect be explained? Concepts of form, structure, organic.
Week 3: Attempts to explain and explain art throughout history. Plato and the world of ideas, art according to the theory of ideas. Producing art by imagining the ideal, not the real. The relationship of this view with classicism. The concept of mimesis and its explanation.
Week 4: From Socrates and Plato to Aristotle. Differences and similarities between Plato and Aristotle. Aristotle's aesthetic effect and ways of explaining a work of art. Main characteristics of aesthetic forms. Aristotle and tragedy, the effect of catharsis and its explanation. Branches of fine arts in ancient Greece (poetry, history, tragedy, comedy, epic). Their connections with gods or goddesses, muses.
Week 5: Transition from the Western Middle Ages to the classical period. Main characteristics and principles of classical literature. Descartes: Discourses on Method. Boileau: Epitre, Art of Poetry. Collapse of the theory of the three unities.
Week 6: Sociological approaches to literature and art: Vico, H. Taine and Gustave Lanson. Ways of explaining societies historically. Attempts to write the history of literature from this perspective. Fuat Köprülü and literary historiography. Article on method in Turkish literature.
Week 7: Marxist theory and understanding of criticism. Work of art in the light of explanations made about Marxism and historical materialism. Historical periods according to Marxism. Differences between society and socialism, realism, social realism. Plekhanov and social realism. Decisions taken at the 1934 Soviet writers' congress. Lucas and Fischer's understanding of criticism.
Week 8: Work, history and social conditions. Historical text studies and historical criticism. Tanpınar's literary history approach to Namık Kemal's old literature criticism. The importance, benefits and weaknesses of such studies. Differences between Western Classicism and Eastern Classicism. Can literary works, that is, the products of the classical period, be approached independently of historical conditions? How can they be evaluated as form-plot and structural integrity?
Week 9: Development of literatures after classicism in the West and the East: Romanticism, realism, symbolism and towards the present.
Week 10: Croce and his aesthetics: Language and text, text and style; the sameness of language, linguistics and expression. Knowledge that reaches concepts, knowledge that produces images. Differences between two types of knowledge.
Week 11: Approaches that focus on the text: Work, form and structure. The relationship between form and content. Characteristics of aesthetic form. Aesthetic effects created by the work according to this method. The concept of organic integrity and new explanation styles of literary works.
Week 12: Language, symbol, image relationship. Perception and perception, abstraction techniques. General evaluation of the term.

• Reading compulsory texts, participating in classes and discussions 25 %
• Weekly homework 50 %
• Final homework 25 %